Task specification and prompt construction · Lesson 1

From a vague request to a defined task

3 min read

Lesson objectives

  • Write a task card that defines inputs, outputs, acceptance criteria and decision authority, distinguishing missing specifications from model errors.

A generative model produces content in response to input, using patterns learned during training and the context supplied to it. This program addresses text tasks. An answer may be fluent without being supported by the input, so distinguish drafting content, extracting existing information, and taking an action that requires authority. A prompt gives instructions for the task; it does not guarantee that every output is correct.

A specialist's work begins before writing a prompt. “Use AI to improve customer service” expresses an ambition, but it does not define a testable task. Separate the organizational outcome, such as reducing reading time, from the model function, such as extracting an issue category from a message. The function may support the outcome. Accurate extraction alone, however, does not demonstrate faster service. Do not promise a benefit that has not been measured.

Write a task card with six fields: the output user, the decision being supported, the permitted input, the required output, the checking method and the person authorized to act. Name the output fields instead of requesting a generic report. For classification, define the categories and their boundaries, whether several categories are allowed, and what happens when a message is ambiguous. Allow an “undetermined” value when the evidence is insufficient rather than requiring an invented choice.

An acceptance criterion describes something reviewers can check on the same output. “An excellent answer” provides little guidance. “A category from the approved list, a summary of at most two sentences, and no information absent from the message” makes specific defects visible. Distinguish mechanical checks, such as required fields, from judgments requiring reading, such as preservation of the complaint's meaning. Correct formatting can contain incorrect information.

Next, consider the consequences of an error. Suggesting an internal heading differs from issuing a financial refund. Within this program's scope, the specialist prepares tasks, tests them and documents defects. Prompting skill does not itself confer authority to approve refunds or release a service. The process owner establishes authority and risk requirements. Draw a simple path: permitted input, draft, checks, authorized review and action if approved.

Challenge the card with an ordinary case, an incomplete case and an out-of-scope case. If two people disagree because categories overlap, repair the definitions before blaming the model. If an answer requires information the system does not have, change the input or request clarification. Encouraging words in a prompt cannot replace a missing task definition. This card is a practical design aid, not a professional licence or an official certification standard.

Lesson summary

Start with a defined function, then specify inputs, outputs, checks and authority. Repair ambiguity in the task before refining the prompt.